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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 40(1): 4-10, mar. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1100756

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo, incluyendo 103 pacientes que fueron tratados por cáncer de laringe en etapa inicial (T1-T2) con cirugía transoral. De ellos, 55 se diagnosticaron en estadio T1, 16 en estadio T1-b y 32 en estadio T2. El control local inicial (CLI) en pacientes con tumores malignos de laringe estadificados T1 fue 91%, el control local con rescate (CLR) 96%, la preservación de la función de la laringe (PFL) 93% y la sobrevida específica 96%. En T1-b, el CLI fue 81%, el CLR 94%, la PFL 94% y la sobrevida específica 94%. En T2, el CLI fue 63%, el CLR 94%, la PFL 72% y la sobrevida específica 78%. La cirugía transoral en cáncer de laringe con T inicial tiene resultados oncológicos similares a otros tratamientos (cirugía externa o radioterapia), pero consideramos que es la mejor opción por su baja morbilidad, menor duración del tratamiento, y porque deja abiertas todas las posibilidades para tratar posibles recurrencias. (AU)


A prospective and descriptive study was conducted, including 103 patients who were treated for early stage laryngeal cancer (T1-T2) with transoral surgery. Of these, 55 were diagnosed in stage T1, 16 in stage T1-b and 32 in stage T2. The initial local control (CLI) in patients with malignant T1 laryngeal tumors was: 91%, local control with rescue (CLR) 96%, preservation of larynx function (PFL) 93% and specific survival 96%. In T1-b the CLI was 81%, the CLR 94%, the PFL 94% and the specific survival 94%. In T2 the CLI was 63%, the CLR 94%, the PFL 72% and the specific survival 78%. Transoral surgery in laryngeal cancer with initial T has oncological results similar to other treatments (external surgery or radiotherapy), but we consider that it is the best option because of its low morbidity, shorter duration of treatment, and because it leaves open all the possibilities to treat possible recurrences. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Vocal Cords/pathology , Voice Quality , Tracheostomy/statistics & numerical data , Laryngeal Neoplasms/classification , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Prospective Studies , Epiglottis/pathology , Duration of Therapy , Intubation, Gastrointestinal/statistics & numerical data
2.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 85(3): 344-350, May-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011626

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the most common cancer of the upper respiratory tract. The main methods of treatment included surgery (partial laryngectomy and total laryngectomy) and radiation therapy. Laryngeal dysfunction is seen after both treatment modalities. Objective: The aim of the study is to compare postoperative functional results of the standard supracricoid partial laryngectomy technique and a modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy technique using the sternohyoid muscle. Methods: In total, 29 male patients (average years 58.20 ± 9.00 years; range 41-79 years) with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent supra cricoid partial laryngectomy were included. The patients were divided into two groups in terms of the surgical techniques. In Group A, all patients underwent standard supracricoid partial laryngectomy technique between January 2007 and November 2011. In Group B, all patients underwent modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy between August 2010 and November 2011. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing test, short version of the voice handicap index scores, and the MD Anderson dysphagia inventory, the time of oral feeding and the decanulation of the patients after surgery of each groups were compared. Results: The mean maximum phonation time was 8.68 ± 4.21 s in Group A and 15.24 ± 6.16 s in Group B (p > 0.05). The S/Z (s/s) ratio was 1.23 ± 0.35 in Group A and 1.08 ± 0.26 in Group B (p > 0.05); the voice handicap index averages were 9.86 ± 4.77 in Group A and 12.42 ± 12.54 in Group B (p > 0.05); the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing test averages were calculated as 12.73 ± 3.08 in Group A and 13.64 ± 1.49 in Group B (p > 0.05). In the MD Anderson dysphagia inventory, evaluation of swallowing, the emotional, physical, and functional scores were 29.21 ± 4.11, 32.21 ± 6.85, and 20.14 ± 2.17 in the Group B, and 29.20 ± 2.54, 32.4 ± 4.79, and 19 ± 1.92 in Group A, respectively. Conclusion: Although there is no statistical difference in functional outcome comparisons, if rules are adhered to in preoperative patient selection, modified supracricoid partial laryngectomy can be applied safely and meaningful gains can be achieved in functional outcomes.


Resumo Introdução: O câncer laríngeo é o câncer mais comum do trato respiratório superior. Os principais métodos de tratamento incluem cirurgia (laringectomia parcial e laringectomia total) e radioterapia. A disfunção laríngea é observada em ambas as modalidades de tratamento. Objetivos: Comparar os resultados funcionais pós-operatórios da técnica de laringectomia padrão supracricoide e a técnica de laringectomia supracricoide modificada com o uso do músculo esterno-hióideo. Método: Foram incluídos 29 pacientes do sexo masculino (média de 58,20 ± 9,00 anos, intervalo de 41 a 79) com carcinoma espinocelular de laringe submetidos à laringectomia supracricoide parcial. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos em termos de técnicas cirúrgicas. Todos os pacientes do Grupo A foram submetidos à laringectomia padrão supracricoide entre janeiro de 2007 e novembro de 2011. No Grupo B, todos os pacientes foram submetidos à laringectomia supracricoide modificada entre agosto de 2010 e novembro de 2011. A avaliação endoscópica da deglutição por fibra ótica, os escores da versão curta do Voice Handicap Index e do MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory, o tempo de alimentação oral e a decanulação dos pacientes foram comparados após a cirurgia em cada grupo. Resultados: A média do tempo máximo de fonação foi de 8,68 ± 4,21 segundos no Grupo A e 15,24 ± 6,16 segundos no Grupo B (p > 0,05). A razão S/Z (seg/seg) foi de 1,23 ± 0,35 no Grupo A e 1,08 ± 0,26 no Grupo B (p > 0,05); as médias do Voice Handicap Index foram 9,86 ± 4,77 no Grupo A e 12,42 ± 12,54 no Grupo B (p > 0,05); as médias da avaliação endoscópica da deglutição por fibra ótica foram calculadas como 12,73 ± 3,08 no Grupo A e 13,64 ± 1,49 no Grupo B (p > 0,05). Na avaliação da deglutição pelo MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory, os escores emocional, físico e funcional foram 29,21 ± 4,11, 32,21 ± 6,85 e 20,14 ± 2,17 no Grupo B e 29,20 ± 2,54, 32,4 ± 4,79 e 19 ± 1,92 no Grupo A, respectivamente. Conclusão: Embora não haja diferença estatística nas comparações de resultados funcionais, se as regras forem respeitadas na seleção pré-operatória do paciente, a laringectomia supracricoide parcial modificada pode ser aplicada com segurança e ganhos significativos podem ser alcançados em termos de resultados funcionais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Recovery of Function/physiology , Cricoid Cartilage/surgery , Laryngectomy/methods , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Larynx/physiopathology
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(3): 471-475, jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950030

ABSTRACT

La papilomatosis laríngea juvenil es una enfermedad infrecuente causada por el virus del papiloma humano, principalmente, los tipos 6 y 11. Es el tumor laríngeo benigno más común en los niños. Debe pensarse, en esta patología, en todo niño con disfonía persistente y progresiva, acompañada o no de estridor y dificultad respiratoria. La laringoscopía flexible con anestesia local permite visualizar las típicas lesiones de características verrugosas. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante la anatomía patológica. El tratamiento existente es paliativo y consiste, principalmente, en la escisión quirúrgica de los papilomas para mantener la vía aérea sin obstrucción y mejorar la calidad de la voz, pero tiene una alta tasa de recidiva. Se presentan 20 pacientes con papilomatosis laríngea juvenil. Se describen las manifestaciones clínicas, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta patología.


Juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis is an uncommon disease caused by human papilloma virus, mainly types 6 and 11. It is the most common benign laryngeal tumor in children. This condition should be suspected in any children with persistent and progressive dysphonia with or without stridor and respiratory distress. Flexible laryngoscopy under local anesthesia allows to visualize the typical wart-like lesions. The diagnosis is confirmed by pathological anatomy. Existing treatment is palliative and consists mainly of the surgical excision of the papillomas to maintain the airway without obstruction and to improve the quality of the voice, but it has a high rate of relapse. We present 20 patients with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis. We describe the clinical manifestations, the diagnostic methods and the treatment of this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Papilloma/diagnosis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Dysphonia/etiology , Laryngoscopy/methods , Papilloma/physiopathology , Papilloma/therapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage
4.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP]. 2011; 1 (1): 43-50
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-162040

ABSTRACT

A number of studies have demonstrated the potential antitumor effects of saffron and its constituents on different malignant cells in vitro. It has been reported that a novel glycoconjugate isolated from corms and callus of saffron possesses cytotoxic activity against different tumor cellswith nitric oxide [NO] production. These data suggest that the cytotoxic effect of saffron extract may be related to an effect on nitric oxide production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of whole saffron extract on NO production by the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line [HepG-2] and laryngeal carcinoma cell line [Hep-2]. The cell lines were treated with a saffron extract. The morphologic changes were observed and recorded after 24, 48 and 72 of incubation. The MTT test was used to assess cell viability and the quantitative changes in NO production was evaluated using Griess test in the aforementioned time intervals. The morphologic images showed qualitative changes in both cell lines. The MTT assay results indicated that there was an increase in cytotoxic effect by adding the extract at concentrations of 0, 200, 400 and 800 micro g/ml. However, the NO concentration decreased significantly after 6, 12, 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation, respectively. IC[50] of 400 micro g/ml was obtained for HepG2 cells; however, Hep2 and L929 cells did not respond to any extract concentrations. This study suggested that the saffron extract had a cytotoxic effect on HepG-2 and Hep-2 cell lines. The cytotoxic effect was probably related to a decrease in the NO concentration


Subject(s)
Nitric Oxide/toxicity , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Antineoplastic Agents , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Plant Extracts , Cell Line, Tumor
5.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 68(2): 157-163, ago. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503431

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La deglución es un proceso neuromuscular complejo, que requiere de indemnidad anatómica y de una adecuada coordinación de varios órganos. El tratamiento del cáncer laríngeo puede ocasionar trastornos de la deglución. Tradicionalmente se ha reportado una mayor frecuencia de esta alteración con los tratamientos quirúrgicos, sin embargo no existe información adecuada sobre su incidencia en pacientes sometidos a radioterapia por cáncer laríngeo precoz. Objetivo: Comparar la frecuencia de alteraciones de deglución postratamiento en cáncer laríngeo precoz Material y método: El presente es un estudio transversal de dos grupos de pacientes con cáncer laríngeo precoz, unos tratados con cirugía parcial vertical (CP) y otros con radioterapia exclusiva (RT). A cada paciente se le realizó una evaluación otorrinolaringológica, nasofibroscópica y videofluoroscópica postratamiento. Las diferencias entre los grupos se compararon utilizando el test Xi cuadrado. Resultados: Ingresaron veinte pacientes por grupo, la mayoría de género masculino y de edades similares. Ambos grupos presentan una alta incidencia de síntomas aspirativos (55% en RT y 35% en CP) y alteraciones en nasofibroscopía y videofluoroscopía (35% en RTy 30% en CP). No hubo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Discusión y conclusiones: Se demuestra una elevada incidencia de trastorno de la deglución en pacientes tratados por cáncer precoz de laringe, debiendo considerarse como una alteración frecuente en este grupo de pacientes, ya hayan sido tratados con RT o CP.


Introduction. Swallowing is a complex neuromuscular process that requires anatomical indemnity and an adequate coordination of several organs. Laryngeal cancer treatment may cause swallowing disorders. Traditionally, a high frequency of this type of disorder after surgery has been reponed, but no actual data concerning its incidence in patients undergoing radiotherapy for early laryngeal cancer has been published. Aim. To compare swallowing disorders frequency posterior to treatment in early laryngeal cancer patients. Material and Method. Two groups of early laryngeal cancer patients were transversally studied, one treated with vertical partial surgery (CP), and the other treated exclusively with radiotherapy. Each patient had otorhinolaryngological, nasofibroscopic and videofluoroscopic evaluations after treatment. Differences between groups were compared using the _-square test. Results. Twenty patients per group were entered in this study predominantly males of similar age. Both groups presented a high incidence of aspiration symptoms (55% in RT and 35% in CP). There were no significant differences between both groups. Discussion and Conclusion. A high incidence of swallowing disorders in patients treated for early laryngeal cancer was found. It should then be considered as a frequent alteration in this group of patients, either treated with RT or CP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Deglutition/physiology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Chile , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fluoroscopy/methods , Laryngoscopy/methods , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Deglutition Disorders/etiology
6.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 18(4): 408-418, oct. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-475856

ABSTRACT

Los tumores de cabeza y cuello corresponden a un heterogéneo grupo de enfermedades, destacando entre ellas el carcinoma epidermoide de laringe, faringe y cavidad oral, así como las neoplasias glandulares (tiroides y glándulas salivales). Constituyen una patología altamente desafiante, considerando la complejidad anatómica de la región cérvico-facial y las repercusiones funcionales y estéticas que pueden producir tanto la enfermedad como su tratamiento. Estos tumores se manifiestan clínicamente como masas palpables o por la producción de síntomas persistentes en la vía aéreo-digestiva superior. La imagenología y los estudios endoscópicos complementan la evaluación del paciente; la histopatología es esencial para determinar el diagnóstico definitivo. El manejo de los tumores de cabeza y cuello debe estar a cargo de equipos multidisciplinarios, siendo la cirugía y la radioterapia los pilares del tratamiento. El pronóstico de esta enfermedad está determinado, principalmente, por el tipo histológico y el estadio tumoral.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/physiopathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Thyroid Neoplasms , Papilloma/physiopathology , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Paraganglioma/surgery , Risk Factors
7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 51(2): 93-99, mar.-abr. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-411146

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a deglutição orofaríngea de pacientes submetidos a protocolo de preservação de laringe no Hospital do Câncer AC Camargo. MÉTODOS: De 43 pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de laringe e hipofaringe tratados com quimioterapia semanal (paclitaxel 30 mg/m² e cisplatina 20 mg/m²) concomitante à radioterapia externa fracionada (180 cGy/dia, dose total 7040 cGy), foram avaliados 31 pacientes. A avaliação consistiu de videofluoroscopia. Os resultados foram classificados de acordo com alterações de motilidade orofaríngea, estases, aspiração e severidade da disfagia. RESULTADOS: alterações de fase preparatória e oral: estase em cavidade oral (58 por cento) e aumento do tempo de trânsito oral (32,3 por cento); fase faríngea: estase em valécula (83,9 por cento), redução da elevação laríngea (74,2 por cento), atraso no início da deglutição faríngea (51,6 por cento) e estase em hipofaringe (45,2 por cento). A deglutição funcional foi observada em 35,5 por cento dos pacientes, 54,8 por cento tinham disfagias discretas ou moderadas e 9,6 por cento disfagias severas. CONCLUSÃO: A associação de quimioterapia e radioterapia para preservação laríngea resulta em alterações da deglutição, na maior parte discretas a moderadas. Alguns pacientes, entretanto, evoluem com disfagia severa, em que a alimentação por via oral não é possível.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Cisplatin/therapeutic use , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Dyspepsia/etiology , Fluoroscopy , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/complications , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Paclitaxel/analogs & derivatives , Paclitaxel/therapeutic use , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome , Video Recording
8.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1034-1039, 2003.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-119972

ABSTRACT

It is generally believed that a reconstruction of the glottic region after a vertical partial laryngectomy (VPL) can improve the glottic and supraglottic function. However, there is a paucity of reports on secondary healing without a glottic reconstruction after a VPL. The aim of this study was to obtain objective phonatory data after a VPL without a glottic reconstruction. From 1993 to 2001, 13 patients, who had been treated with VPL without a glottic reconstruction, were enrolled in this study. Patients with a postoperative follow up of less than 12 months were excluded. Seven lesions were classified as T1 glottic cancer and six as T2 glottic cancer- standard VPL (11 cases) and frontolateral VPL (2 cases). Acoustic ( (fundamental frequency, Fo), jitter, shimmer, the noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) ), aerodynamic (maximal phonation time (MPT), mean flow rate (MFR) ) analysis and videostroboscopy were performed to evaluate the voice. There were significant differences in the Fo, jitter, shimmer, NHR, MPT and MFR between the VPL group and normal control group. In videostroboscopy, the following tendencies were observed in many cases: incomplete glottic closure, a decreased and irregular mucosal wave and amplitude, supraglottic voicing, abnormal arytenoid movement and anterior commissure blunting. Objective phonatory data after VPL without a glottic reconstruction was obtained. The voice quality after a VPL without a glottic reconstruction was somewhat unsatisfactory. A further comparison with other different surgical techniques of a VPL would help determine a better way of improving the voice quality in these patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Glottis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Laryngectomy/methods , Postoperative Period , Voice Quality
9.
Rev. Inst. Nac. Cancerol. (Méx.) ; 46(2): 104-9, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-294884

ABSTRACT

El tumor de células granulares es usualmente benigno que se origina en diferentes sitios anatómicos como son piel, tejido celular subcutáneo y partes blandas del cuerpo. Se ha discutido mucho acerca del origen embriológico y se ha comentado que podría ser muscular; sin embargo, los estudios actuales inclinan la balanza a que el origen celular del tumor de células granulares es neural, lo cual, desde el punto de vista histológico, ha generado confusión con otras neoplasias. El margen de edad en la que se presenta es muy amplio, desde algunos meses de vida hasta la ancianidad. Se han formulado criterios histológicos que ayudan a diferenciar los tumores de células granulares en tres tipos, benigno, atípico y maligno. Esta división es de acuerdo a seis parámetros: necrosis, células tumorales alargadas, núcleo vesicular con gran nucléolo, aumento en el número de mitosis(más de dos por campo de alto poder), radio núcleo citoplasma aumentado, pleomorfismo. Otro aspecto que ayuda a determinar la malignidad de un tumor de células granulares es la presencia o no de metástasis. Se han hecho estudios de inmunohistoquímica para ayudar a diferenciar el estado patológico de estos tumores. La medición de P53, Ki67 y su positividad indica la presencia de tumores más agresivos. La citometría de flujo, midiendo la ploidía celular puede también ayudar a orientar la conducta de estos tumores, aunque no es 100 por ciento seguro. El tumor de células granulares se puede confundir con otras neoplasias que también tienen células granulares como son algunos sarcomas de partes blandas; sin embargo, el principal diagnóstico diferencial es con melanoma maligno y con tumor de la vaina nerviosa periférico maligno, ya que éstos tienen origen neural. Aquí el uso de inmunohistoquímica es esencial para el diagnóstico diferencial. El tumor de células granulares malignas es una neoplasia sumamente rara, sólo han sido publicados 43 casos en todo el mundo. Es aún más rara la presencia de tumores de células granulares malignas de localización laríngea, ya que únicamente existe registrado un caso, publicado en 1958. En este artículo nosotros reportamos el segundo tumor maligno de células granulares de localización laríngea consignado en la literatura mundial, en una mujer de 50 años oriunda de Panamá. El tratamiento de estos tumores es quirúrgico con base en una excisión amplia con márgenes libres dependiendo de su localización. La quimioterapia y radioterapia no juegan ningún papel hasta la fecha


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Granular Cell Tumor/diagnosis , Granular Cell Tumor/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Neoplasm Metastasis
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